Aeromedical evacuation personnel continue to be trained at USAFSAM at present. The School of Air Evacuation was transferred to be part of the School of Aviation Medicine in 1944, now called the United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine (USAFSAM) currently located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. The Army Air Corps established Medical Air Evacuation Squadrons (MAES) staffed by nurses and medics who were trained to provide care to patients on air evac missions in 1942 the Army School of Air Evacuation was established at Bowman Field in Louisville, Kentucky. This led to a directive that all future military transports be equipped with brackets for carrying litters.ĭuring World War II an extensive network of aeromedical evacuation was established in both theaters using C-46 and C-47 aircraft for shorter flights and later C-54 transports for longer flights to large medical facilities in Hawaii and mainland US. Eventually Douglas C-1 transports were modified to carry up to 9 litter patients and were used on an opportune basis in the US and Panama. It was followed in 1925 by the XA-1, which could carry 2 litter patients and flight surgeon in a compartment behind the cockpit. In 1921 the Curtiss Eagle was developed, the first aircraft designed specifically for the transport of patients. Shortly thereafter, JN-4s and DH-4 bombers were modified by the Army Air Service for carrying litters. The first crude attempts at evacuating patients by air were made on biplanes in 1918. ( March 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) There might be a discussion about this on the talk page. This article uses abbreviations that may be confusing or ambiguous. forces occurred during the Korean War, between 19. The first use of medevac with helicopters was the evacuation of three British pilot combat casualties by a US Army Sikorsky in Burma during WW2, and the first dedicated use of helicopters by U.S. By 1936, an organized military air ambulance service evacuated wounded from the Spanish Civil War for medical treatment in Nazi Germany. The French evacuated over 7,000 casualties during that period. It carried a single stretcher under a fairing behind the pilot. In 1920, the British, while suppressing the " Mad Mullah" in Somaliland, used an Airco DH.9A fitted out as an air ambulance. France and the United Kingdom used fully organized aeromedical evacuation services during the African and Middle Eastern colonial wars of the 1920s. Aircraft were still primitive at the time, with limited capabilities, and the efforts received mixed reviews.ĭevelopment of the idea continued. In the 1920s several aeromedical services, both official and unofficial, started up in various parts of the world. The flight took 45 minutes the same journey by land would have taken some 3 days. The first recorded British ambulance flight took place in 1917 in the Sinai peninsula some 30 miles south of El Arish when a Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c flew out a soldier in the Imperial Camel Corps who had been shot in the ankle during the raid on Bir el Hassana. C-9 Nightingale formerly used for Aeromedical EvacuationĪeromedical evacuation ( AE) usually refers to the use of military transport aircraft to carry wounded personnel.
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